![]() Tacitus called it the Suebic Sea, Latin: Mare Suebicum after the Germanic people of the Suebi, and Ptolemy Sarmatian Ocean after the Sarmatians, but the first to name it the Baltic Sea ( Medieval Latin: Mare Balticum) was the eleventh-century German chronicler Adam of Bremen. Thus, statistically, the more of the entrance that is included in its definition, the healthier the Baltic appears conversely, the more narrowly it is defined, the more endangered its biology appears. The remainder of the Sea is brackish, poor in oxygen, and in species. The Kattegat and the southwestern Baltic Sea are well oxygenated and have a rich biology. The shallow sills are obstacles to the flow of heavy salt water from the Kattegat into the basins around Bornholm and Gotland. It's also the border between the shallow southern Øresund (with a typical depth of 5–10 meters only) and notably deeper water.ĭrogden Sill (depth of 7 m (23 ft)) sets a limit to Øresund and Darss Sill (depth of 18 m (59 ft)), and a limit to the Belt Sea. By this definition, the Danish Straits is part of the entrance, but the Bay of Mecklenburg and the Bay of Kiel are parts of the Baltic Sea.Īnother usual border is the line between Falsterbo, Sweden, and Stevns Klint, Denmark, as this is the southern border of Øresund. The Drogden Sill is situated north of Køge Bugt and connects Dragør in the south of Copenhagen to Malmö it is used by the Øresund Bridge, including the Drogden Tunnel. Geographers widely agree that the preferred physical border of the Baltic is a line drawn through the southern Danish islands, Drogden-Sill and Langeland. The narrowest part of Little Belt is the "Middelfart Sund" near Middelfart. Historically, the Kingdom of Denmark collected Sound Dues from ships at the border between the ocean and the land-locked Baltic Sea, in tandem: in the Øresund at Kronborg castle near Helsingør in the Great Belt at Nyborg and in the Little Belt at its narrowest part then Fredericia, after that stronghold was built. The Helsinki Convention on the Protection of the Marine Environment of the Baltic Sea Area includes the Baltic Sea and the Kattegat, without calling Kattegat a part of the Baltic Sea, "For the purposes of this Convention the 'Baltic Sea Area' shall be the Baltic Sea and the Entrance to the Baltic Sea, bounded by the parallel of the Skaw in the Skagerrak at 57☄4.43'N." Traffic history Åland between Baltic Sea and the Gulf of Bothnia Administration The Baltic Sea is connected by artificial waterways to the White Sea via the White Sea–Baltic Canal and to the German Bight of the North Sea via the Kiel Canal. The " Baltic Proper" is bordered on its northern edge, at latitude 60°N, by Åland and the Gulf of Bothnia, on its northeastern edge by the Gulf of Finland, on its eastern edge by the Gulf of Riga, and in the west by the Swedish part of the southern Scandinavian Peninsula. ![]() It includes the Gulf of Bothnia, the Bay of Bothnia, the Gulf of Finland, the Gulf of Riga and the Bay of Gdańsk. The Baltic Sea drains through the Danish Straits into the Kattegat by way of the Øresund, Great Belt and Little Belt. It is a shelf sea and marginal sea of the Atlantic with limited water exchange between the two, making it an inland sea. The sea stretches from 53°N to 66°N latitude and from 10☎ to 30☎ longitude. The Baltic Sea is an arm of the Atlantic Ocean that is enclosed by Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Russia, Sweden and the North and Central European Plain. Non-coastal: Belarus, Czech Republic, Norway, Slovakia, Ukraine Ībruka, Aegna, Archipelago Sea Islands ( Åland), Bornholm, Dänholm, Ertholmene, Falster, Fårö, Fehmarn, Gotland, Hailuoto, Hiddensee, Hiiumaa, Holmöarna, Kassari, Kesselaid, Kihnu, Kimitoön, Kõinastu, Kotlin, Laajasalo, Lauttasaari, Lidingö, Ljusterö, Lolland, Manilaid, Mohni, Møn, Muhu, Poel, Prangli, Osmussaar, Öland, Replot, Ruhnu, Rügen, Saaremaa, Stora Karlsö, Suomenlinna, Suur-Pakri and Väike-Pakri, Ummanz, Usedom/Uznam, Väddö, Värmdö, Vilsandi, Vormsi, WolinĬopenhagen, Gdańsk, Gdynia, Haapsalu, Helsinki, Jūrmala, Kaliningrad, Kiel, Klaipėda, Kuressaare, Kärdla, Lübeck, Luleå, Mariehamn, Oulu, Palanga, Paldiski, Pärnu, Riga, Rostock, Saint Petersburg, Liepāja, Stockholm, Tallinn, Turku, Ventspilsġ Shore length is not a well-defined measure. 58°N 20☎ / 58°N 20☎ / 58 20 (slightly east of the north tip of Gotland Island)ĭaugava, Kemijoki, Neman (Nemunas), Neva, Oder, Vistula, Lule, Narva, TorneĬoastal: Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Russia, Sweden
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